Before you choose a Lesser Hedgehog Tenrec, it’s essential to know what a healthy individual should look like. Many new keepers fall in love with the first tenrec they see, but appearances can be misleading. Some animals may look fine on the surface yet show subtle signs of stress, malnutrition, or illness. This lesson teaches you how to recognise the hallmarks of a healthy tenrec so you can make informed and ethical decisions when selecting your future companion.

General Body Condition

A healthy Lesser Hedgehog Tenrec has a compact, well-rounded body. You should not see sharp bones such as ribs, hips, or spine sticking out. At the same time, the animal should not appear bloated or overweight. Seasonal weight fluctuations are normal, they may gain weight before hibernation and slim down after waking, but extreme thinness or obesity is a warning sign. When gently picked up, the tenrec should feel firm and solid, not frail or excessively heavy.

Skin, Spines, and Fur

The spines are one of the most visible indicators of health. They should be intact, evenly covering the back and sides, and free of bald patches or excessive shedding. Broken or missing spines can sometimes happen with age or injury, but widespread loss may suggest parasites, poor diet, or skin disease.

The fur on the belly should be soft, clean, and free from crusts or sores. The skin underneath should look smooth and free from scabs, redness, or swelling. Dry, flaky, or irritated skin often indicates environmental problems such as low humidity, or it may point to mites or fungal infections.

Eyes, Nose, and Ears

Healthy tenrec eyes are bright, clear, and alert. They should not be dull, watery, or crusted with discharge. Because their eyesight is naturally poor, they rely on smell and hearing, so watch for any signs of infection around the eyes that could cause unnecessary discomfort.

The nose should be moist and active, moving as the animal sniffs its surroundings. Any constant discharge, sneezing, or noisy breathing can indicate respiratory illness.

Ears should be clean and upright. A healthy ear has no foul odour, redness, or waxy buildup. Tenrecs use their ears to detect subtle sounds, so infection can affect both comfort and behaviour.

Mouth and Teeth

A tenrec’s mouth should close neatly, with no drooling or foul smell. Teeth should be even, without overgrowth or breakage. Because they eat insects and sometimes small vertebrates, their teeth wear naturally, but poor diet in captivity can cause problems such as overgrown teeth or weak enamel. Always look for signs of difficulty chewing, pawing at the mouth, or sudden refusal of certain foods.

Movement and Behaviour

Healthy Lesser Hedgehog Tenrecs are curious and responsive when awake. They may freeze briefly when handled but should begin to sniff and explore with their snout. Their gait should be steady and coordinated, without limping, dragging, or wobbling.

It’s normal for them to curl into a ball when startled, but they should uncurl after a short while and resume normal movement. Animals that remain tightly curled, appear lethargic during normal active hours, or show tremors may be ill or highly stressed.

Appetite and Feeding

In good health, a tenrec eats eagerly when offered appropriate food. They should be interested in insects, worms, or other safe foods, and you should not notice prolonged loss of appetite unless they are entering seasonal torpor. Persistent refusal to eat outside of the hibernation season is a red flag that should never be ignored.

Breathing and Sounds

Breathing should be quiet and even. Occasional sneezes are not unusual, but wheezing, clicking, or laboured breathing are signs of respiratory disease. A healthy tenrec may make soft squeaks or clicks during exploration or social interactions, but constant distressed noises often indicate discomfort.

Conclusion

A healthy Lesser Hedgehog Tenrec is alert, active during its natural hours, and physically well-rounded with clear eyes, intact spines, smooth skin, and a steady appetite. When choosing your first tenrec, use these signs as a checklist. An animal that meets these standards is far more likely to adapt well to captivity and enjoy a long, fulfilling life. By learning to spot the difference between health and hidden illness, you not only protect your investment but also act responsibly toward the welfare of the animal.

Sources

Eisenberg, J.F., & Gould, E. (1970). The Tenrecs: A Study in Mammalian Behavior and Evolution. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology.

Stephenson, P.J. (1995). Health and reproductive biology of the Lesser Hedgehog Tenrec in captivity. Journal of Zoology, 235(2).

Goodman, S.M., & Benstead, J.P. (2003). The Natural History of Madagascar. University of Chicago Press.

World Animal Protection – Exotic pet health and welfare guidelines.